Telephone Demand over the Atlantic: Evidence from Country-Pair DataTelephone Demand over the Atlantic: Evidence from Country-Pair Data

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International calls include consumption and financial externalities. Theoretical analysis predicts that the volume of outbound and inbound calls is a function of originating-country price ("own-price") and terminating-country price ("cross-price"). Analysis of annual data for minutes of calling between the US and 17 West European countries from 1979 to 1986 reveals negative own-price effects in both directions, with inbound calls more elastic. Cross-price effects are generally not statistically significant. The findings are consistent with arbitrage and call-externality motivation that cancel each other. Level of GDP, number of telephones, and telex prices are statistically significant.